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Lakhdar, Sami; Baidya, Mahiuddin und Mayr, Herbert (2012): Kinetics and mechanism of organocatalytic aza-Michael additions: direct observation of enamine intermediates. In: Chemical Communications, Bd. 48, Nr. 37: S. 4504-4506 [PDF, 919kB]

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Abstract

The imidazoles 1a–g add to the CC-double bond of the iminium ion 2 with rate constants as predicted by the equation log k = sN(N + E). Unfavourable proton shifts from the imidazolium unit to the enamine fragment in the adduct 3 account for the failure of imidazoles to take part in iminium-activated aza-Michael additions to enals.

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