Blunt traumatic thoracic aortic injuries: a retrospective cohort analysis of 2 decades of experience

Prendes, Carlota Fernandez; Stana, Jan; Schneidwind, Karina Domingos; Rantner, Barbara; Konstantinou, Nikolaos; Bruder, Jan; Kammerlander, Christian; Banafsche, Ramin und Tsilimparis, Nikolaos (2021): Blunt traumatic thoracic aortic injuries: a retrospective cohort analysis of 2 decades of experience. In: Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Bd. 33, Nr. 2: S. 293-300

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to analyse and report the changes in the management of blunt traumatic aortic injuries (BTAIs) in a single centre during the last 2 decades. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of all patients diagnosed with BTAI from January 1999 to January 2020 was performed. Data were collected from electronic/digitalized medical history records. RESULTS: Forty-six patients were included [median age 42.4years (16-84years), 71.7% males]. The predominant cause of BTAI was car accidents (54.5%, n=24) and all patients presented with concomitant injuries (93% bone fractures, 77.8% abdominal and 62.2% pelvic injuries). Over 70% presented grade III or IV BTAI. Urgent repair was performed in 73.8% of patients (n=31), with a median of 2.75h between admission and repair. Thoracic endovascular repair (TEVAR) was performed in 87% (n=49), open surgery (OS) in 10.9% (n=5) and conservative management in 2.1% (n=1). Technical success was 82.6% (92.1% TEVAR, 79% OS). In-hospital mortality was 19.5% (17.5% TEVAR, 40% OS). Of these, 3 died from aortic-related causes. Seven (15.2%) required an early vascular reintervention. The median follow-up was 34 months (1-220 months), with 19% of early survivors having a follow-up of >10 years. Only 1 vascular reintervention was necessary during follow-up: secondary TEVAR due to acute graft thrombosis. Of the patients who survived the initial event, 6.7% died during follow-up, none from aortic-related causes. CONCLUSIONS: Even with all the described shortcomings, in our experience TEVAR for BTAI proved to be feasible and effective, with few complications and stable aortic reconstruction at mid-term follow-up. With the current technical expertise and wide availability of a variety of devices, it should be pursued as a first-line therapy in these challenging scenarios.

• Dokumententyp: Zeitschriftenartikel
• Fakultät: Medizin
• Themengebiete: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften > 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
• ISSN: 1569-9293
• Sprache: Englisch