Occurrence of type A, B and D trichothecenes, zearalenone and stachybotrylactam in straw

Ulrich, Sebastian; Gottschalk, Christoph; Biermaier, Barbara; Bahlinger, Eunike; Twaruzek, Magdalena; Asmussen, Sarah; Schollenberger, Margit; Valenta, Hana; Ebel, Frank und Daenicke, Sven (2021): Occurrence of type A, B and D trichothecenes, zearalenone and stachybotrylactam in straw. In: Archives of Animal Nutrition, Bd. 75, Nr. 2: S. 105-120

Abstract

Straw is the main by-product of grain production, used as bedding material and animal feed. If produced or stored under adverse hygienic conditions, straw is prone to the growth of filamentous fungi. Some of them, e.g. Aspergillus, Fusarium and Stachybotrys spp. are well-known mycotoxin producers. Since studies on mycotoxins in straw are scarce, 192 straw samples (wheat n = 80;barley n = 79;triticale n = 12;oat n = 11;rye n = 12) were collected across Germany within the German official feed surveillance and screened for the presence of 21 mycotoxins. The following mycotoxins (positive samples for at least one mycotoxin n = 184) were detected: zearalenone (n = 86, 6.0-785 mu g/kg), nivalenol (n = 51, 30-2,600 mu g/kg), deoxynivalenol (n = 156, 20-24,000 mu g/kg), 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol (n = 34, 20-2,400 mu g/kg), 3-acetyl-deoxynivalenol (n = 16, 40-340 mu g/kg), scirpentriol (n = 14, 40-680 mu g/kg), T-2 toxin (n = 67, 10-250 mu g/kg), HT-2 toxin (n = 92, 20-800 mu g/kg), T-2 tetraol (n = 13, 70-480 mu g/kg). 15-monoacetoxyscirpenol (30 mu g/kg) and T-2 triol (60 mu g/kg) were only detected in one barley sample. Macrocyclic trichothecenes (satratoxin G, F, roridin E, and verrucarin J) were also found in only one barley sample (quantified as roridin A equivalent: total 183 mu g/kg). The occurrence of stachybotrylactam was monitored for the first time in four samples (n = 4, 0.96-7.4 mu g/kg). Fusarenon-X, 4,15-diacetoxyscirpenol, neosolaniol, satratoxin H and roridin-L2 were not detectable in the samples. The results indicate a non-negligible contribution of straw to oral and possibly inhalation exposure to mycotoxins of animals or humans handling contaminated straw.

• Dokumententyp: Zeitschriftenartikel
• Fakultät: Tiermedizin
• Themengebiete: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften > 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
• ISSN: 1745-039X
• Sprache: Englisch