Antimitochondrial Rather than Antinuclear Antibodies Correlate with Severe Drug-Induced Liver Injury

Weber, Sabine; Benesic, Andreas; Buchholtz, Marie-Luise; Rotter, Isabelle und Gerbes, Alexander L. (2021): Antimitochondrial Rather than Antinuclear Antibodies Correlate with Severe Drug-Induced Liver Injury. In: Digestive Diseases, Bd. 39, Nr. 3: S. 275-282

Abstract

Introduction: A proportion of patients with drug-induced liver injury (DILI) present with autoantibodies, which has led to the current concept of autoimmune-like DILI. However, no standardized definition exists and the clinical relevance has not been studied in detail yet. Methods: 143 patients with DILI enrolled in a prospective study were analyzed. DILI diagnosis was based on the monocyte-derived hepatocyte-like cell test and supported by Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method (RUCAM) and expert adjudication. Testing for antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and antimitochondrial antibodies (AMA) was performed using immunofluorescence. ANA titers >= 1:100 were considered positive and >= 1:400 clinically relevant;AMA positivity was considered at titers >= 1:100. Results: 67% exhibited ANA >= 1:100 and 29% ANA >= 1:400;10% were AMA positive. There was no significant correlation between the ANA titers and the causative drug, while AMA positive patients had taken nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs more frequently. No difference was seen regarding clinical characteristics or laboratory parameters in patients with ANA >= 1:400, while patients with positive AMA presented with higher aminotransferases, bilirubin, and international normalized ratio. Significantly higher proportions of patients with ANA >= 1:400 or AMA positivity exhibited elevated immunoglobulin G levels. AMA positivity but not elevated ANA titers correlated with a higher proportion of Hy's law positivity. Conclusion: A closer look in a causality proven DILI cohort provided no evidence that presence of ANA titers is specific for DILI by a certain medication. AMA rather than ANA positivity was related to a more pronounced liver injury.

• Dokumententyp: Zeitschriftenartikel
• Fakultät: Medizin
• Themengebiete: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften > 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
• ISSN: 0257-2753
• Sprache: Englisch