100 Years of insulin: Lifesaver, immune target, and potential remedy for prevention

Ziegler, Anette-Gabriele; Danne, Thomas; Daniel, Carolin und Bonifacio, Ezio (2021): 100 Years of insulin: Lifesaver, immune target, and potential remedy for prevention. In: Med, Vol. 2, No. 10: pp. 1120-1137

Abstract

In this review, we bring our personal experiences to showcase insulin from its breakthrough discovery as a life-saving drug 100 years ago to its uncovering as the autoantigen and potential cause of type 1 diabetes and eventually as an opportunity to prevent autoimmune diabetes. The work covers the birth of insulin to treat patients, which is now 100 years ago;the development of human insulin, insulin analogs, devices, and the way into automated insulin delivery;the realization that insulin is the primary autoimmune target of type 1 diabetes in children;novel approaches of immunotherapy using insulin for immune tolerance induction;the possible limitations of insulin immunotherapy;and an outlook on how modern vaccines could remove the need for another 100 years of insulin therapy.

• Item Type: Journal article
• Faculties: Medicine
• Subjects: 600 Technology > 610 Medicine and health
• ISSN: 2666-6340
• Language: English