Neuropädiatrische Notfälle im Kindesalter. Von A wie Anfall bis Z wie zerebrovaskuläre Notfälle

Gaus, Sebastian; Tacke, Moritz und Bevot, Andrea (2022): Neuropädiatrische Notfälle im Kindesalter. Von A wie Anfall bis Z wie zerebrovaskuläre Notfälle. In: Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde, Bd. 170, Nr. 7: S. 621-631

Abstract

Pediatric neurological emergencies are frequent and the causes are multifarious. Of all children who are acutely admitted to the emergency department or intensive care unit, 30% are primarily neurological emergencies or involve neurological symptoms. The prognosis depends on the cause and the rapid understanding of the etiology. A targeted anamnesis and initial neurological examination can frequently differentiate between the possible etiologies. The most frequent neurological emergency in childhood is a seizure, including febrile seizures, up to preschool age. At this latitude the causes are traumatic brain injury, intoxication, cerebral hypoxia and ischemia (e.g. near-drowning) and central nervous system (CNS) infections, arranged in descending order of frequency. The treatment of status epilepticus has to be rapidly started, at the latest after 5 min, in cases of stroke the specialized pediatric stroke center must be informed in order not to jeopardize the time-window for lysis treatment.

• Dokumententyp: Zeitschriftenartikel
• Fakultät: Medizin
• Themengebiete: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften > 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
• ISSN: 0026-9298
• Sprache: Deutsch