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Becker, Sascha O.; Cinnirella, Francesco und Wößmann, Ludger (2011): Does parental education affect fertility? Evidence from pre-demographic transition Prussia. CESifo working paper: Economics of Education,

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Abstract

While women’s employment opportunities, relative wages, and the child quantity-quality trade-off have been studied as factors underlying historical fertility limitation, the role of parental education has received little attention. We combine Prussian county data from three censuses - 1816, 1849, and 1867 - to estimate the relationship between women’s education and their fertility before the demographic transition. Despite controlling for several demand and supply factors, we find a negative residual effect of women’s education on fertility. Instrumental-variable estimates, using exogenous variation in women’s education driven by differences in landownership inequality, suggest that the effect of women’s education on fertility is causal.

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