Abstract
Intrauterine alcohol exposure can lead to toxic damage to the fetal brain and therefore to fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). The estimated prevalence in Germany is 1 % and FASD persists for life. Not only pediatricians and child psychiatrists but also general practitioners, neurologists, psychiatrists, psychotherapists and gynecologists (plus broad areas of pedagogics and social work) are confronted with FASD. Based on a systematic review and methodological assessment of the literature from 2001-2015, the multidisciplinary guideline group formulated consensus recommendations for the diagnosis of FASD. In this publication the differential diagnostic criteria for partial fetal alcohol syndrome (pFAS), alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND) and alcohol-related birth defects (ARBD) are presented. The literature search for pFAS, ARND and ARBD resulted in 365 hits and 58 publications were included for the methodological assessment. For the diagnosis of pFAS, two out of three facial anomalies (i.e. short palpebral fissure length, thin upper lip and smooth philtrum), at least three abnormalities of the central nervous system (CNS) and a probable maternal alcohol consumption are required. For the diagnosis of ARND at least three abnormalities of the CNS and a confirmed intrauterine alcohol exposure are necessary. The ARBD is rejected as a separate diagnosis. Evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis of FASD that are easily implemented in practice were defined. Regarding treatment and secondary prevention of complications, more research is necessary.
| Dokumententyp: | Zeitschriftenartikel |
|---|---|
| Fakultät: | Medizin |
| Themengebiete: | 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften > 610 Medizin und Gesundheit |
| ISSN: | 0026-9298 |
| Sprache: | Deutsch |
| Dokumenten ID: | 50110 |
| Datum der Veröffentlichung auf Open Access LMU: | 14. Jun. 2018, 09:42 |
| Letzte Änderungen: | 04. Nov. 2020, 13:27 |
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