A study of modeling x-ray transmittance for material decomposition without contrast agents

Lee, Okkyun; Kappler, Steffen; Polster, Christoph and Taguchi, Katsuyuki (2017): A study of modeling x-ray transmittance for material decomposition without contrast agents. In: Medical Imaging 2017: Physics of Medical Imaging, Vol. 10132, 101323G

Abstract

This study concerns how to model x-ray transmittance, exp (- integral mu(a)(r, E)dr), of the object using a small number of energy-dependent bases, which plays an important role for estimating basis line-integrals in photon counting detector (PCD)-based computed tomography (CT). Recently, we found that low-order polynomials can model the smooth x-ray transmittance, i.e. object without contrast agents, with sufficient accuracy, and developed a computationally efficient three-step estimator. The algorithm estimates the polynomial coefficients in the first step, estimates the basis line-integrals in the second step, and corrects for bias in the third step. We showed that the three-step estimator was similar to 1, 500 times faster than conventional maximum likelihood (ML) estimator while it provided comparable bias and noise. The three-step estimator was derived based on the modeling of x-ray transmittance;thus, the accurate modeling of x-ray transmittance is an important issue. For this purpose, we introduce a modeling of the x-ray transmittance via dictionary learning approach. We show that the relative modeling error of dictionary learning-based approach is smaller than that of the low-order polynomials.

• Item Type: Journal article
• Faculties: Medicine
• Subjects: 600 Technology > 610 Medicine and health
• ISSN: 0277-786X
• Language: English