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Tandon, Kai; John, Melanie; Heuss-Assbichler, Soraya und Schaller, Valentin (2018): Influence of Salinity and Pb on the Precipitation of Zn in a Model System. In: Minerals, Bd. 8, Nr. 2, 43 [PDF, 5MB]

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Abstract

Fly ash from solid waste incineration plants is a source of a significant mass flow of Zn- and Pb-containing waste. Acidic leaching removes most heavy metals from fly ash, but leads to high concentrations of soluble salts in the solution, resulting in a saline solution enriched in heavy metals. Common treatment methods cause voluminous sludge that is mostly disposed of as hazardous waste and hence leads to a loss of Zn and other heavy metals. On a laboratory scale, precipitation experiments with 2000 mg/L Zn were performed to investigate the impact of salinity (0 to >70,000 mg/L Cl, 0 to 5400 mg/L SO4) and Pb concentration (0 to 800 mg/L) on the formation of mineral phases. The removal efficiency of Zn and Pb after alkalization of the solution was studied. Characterization of the precipitates showed that salinity has a significant impact on the phases produced. At a low salt concentration, zincite (ZnO) is formed. With increasing salinity, the higher concentration of chloride and sulfate increases the stability of various Zn sulphate hydroxides. At a medium salinity of 7000 mg/L, bechererite is predominantly formed, whereas a higher salinity leads to the formation of gordaite. Addition of low amounts of Pb enlarges the stability field of zincite to medium saline solutions but causes lower removal efficiency. The lower removal efficiency observed at low salinity increases at a higher salinity. In high saline solutions, high Pb concentrations (800 mg/L) are needed to form laurionite, a Pb-hydroxychloride phase.

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