Critical Data Source; Tool or Even Infrastructure? Challenges of Geographic Information Systems and Remote Sensing for Disaster Risk Governance

Fekete, Alexander; Tzavella, Katerina; Armas, Iuliana; Binner, Jane; Garschagen, Matthias ; Giupponi, Carlo; Mojtahed, Vahid; Pettita, Marcello; Schneiderbauer, Stefan und Serre, Damien (Dezember 2015): Critical Data Source; Tool or Even Infrastructure? Challenges of Geographic Information Systems and Remote Sensing for Disaster Risk Governance. In: ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, Bd. 4, Nr. 4: S. 1848-1869

Abstract

Disaster risk information is spatial in nature and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) play an important key role by the services they provide to society. In this context, to risk management and governance, in general, and to civil protection, specifically (termed differently in many countries, and includes, for instance: civil contingencies in the UK, homeland security in the USA, disaster risk reduction at the UN level). The main impetus of this article is to summarize key contributions and challenges in utilizing and accepting GIS and RS methods and data for disaster risk governance, which includes public bodies, but also risk managers in industry and practitioners in search and rescue organizations. The article analyzes certain method developments, such as vulnerability indicators, crowdsourcing, and emerging concepts, such as Volunteered Geographic Information, but also investigates the potential of the topic Critical Infrastructure as it could be applied on spatial assets and GIS and RS itself. Intended to stimulate research on new and emerging fields, this article's main contribution is to move spatial research toward a more reflective stance where opportunities and challenges are equally and transparently addressed in order to gain more scientific quality. As a conclusion, GIS and RS can play a pivotal role not just in delivering data but also in connecting and analyzing data in a more integrative, holistic way.

• Dokumententyp: Zeitschriftenartikel
• Keywords: disaster risk management; geographic information systems; remote sensing; volunteered geographic information; crowdsourcing; critical infrastructure; crisis mapping; civil protection
• ISSN: 2220-9964
• Sprache: Englisch