Timeline of Advances in Genetics of Primary Aldosteronism

Meyer, Lucie; Reincke, Martin und Williams, Tracy Ann (2019): Timeline of Advances in Genetics of Primary Aldosteronism. In: Igaz, P. und Patócs, A. (Hrsg.): Genetics of Endocrine Diseases and Syndromes. Experientia Supplementum, Bd. 111. Cham: Springer. S. 213-243

Abstract

The overwhelming majority of cases of primary aldosteronism (PA) occur sporadically due to a unilateral aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) or bilateral idiopathic adrenal hyperplasia. Familial forms of PA are rare with four subtypes defined to date (familial hyperaldosteronism types I–IV). The molecular basis of familial hyperaldosteronism type I (FH type I or glucocorticoid-remediable aldosteronism) was established in 1992; two decades later the genetic variant causing FH type III was identified and germline mutations causing FH type IV and FH type II were determined soon after. Effective diagnostic protocols and methods to detect the overactive gland in unilateral PA by adrenal venous sampling followed by laparoscopic adrenalectomy have made available APAs for scientific studies. In rapid succession, following the widespread use of next-generation sequencing, recurrent somatic driver mutations in APAs were identified in genes encoding ion channels and transporters. The development of highly specific monoclonal antibodies against key enzymes in adrenal steroidogenesis has unveiled the heterogeneous features of the diseased adrenal in PA and helped reveal the high proportion of APAs with driver mutations. We discuss what is known about the genetics of PA that has led to a clearer understanding of the disease pathophysiology.

• Dokumententyp: Buchbeitrag
• EU Funded Grant Agreement Number: 694913
• EU-Projekte: Horizon 2020 > ERC Grants > ERC Advanced Grant > ERC Grant 694913: PAPA - Pathophysiology of Primary Aldosteronism
• Fakultät: Medizin
• Themengebiete: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften > 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
• ISBN: 978-3-030-25905-1
• Ort: Cham
• Sprache: Englisch