Universal Nanoparticle Wetting Agent for Upscaling Perovskite Solar Cells

Schultes, Moritz; Giesbrecht, Nadja; Kueffner, Johannes; Ahlswede, Erik; Docampo, Pablo; Bein, Thomas und Powalla, Michael (2019): Universal Nanoparticle Wetting Agent for Upscaling Perovskite Solar Cells. In: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Bd. 11, Nr. 13: S. 12948-12957

Abstract

Solution-processed perovskite solar cells reach efficiencies over 23% on lab-scale. However, a reproducible transfer of these established processes to upscaling techniques or different substrate surfaces requires a highly controllable perovskite film formation. Especially, hydrophobic surfaces cause severe dewetting issues. Such surfaces are particularly crucial for the so-called standard n-i-p cell architecture when fullerene-based electron transport layers are employed underneath perovskite absorber films. In this work, a unique and universally applicable method was developed based on the deposition of size-controlled Al2O3 or SiO2 nanoparticles. By enhancing the surface energy, they act as a universal wetting agent. This allows perovskite precursor solutions to be spread perfectly over various substrates including problematic hydrophobic Si-wafers or fullerene self-assembled monolayers (C-60-SAMs). Moreover, the results show that the perovskite morphology, solar cell performance, and reproducibility benefit from the presence of the nanoparticles at the interface. When applied to 144 cm(2) C-60-SAM-coated substrates, homogenous coverage can be realized via spin coating resulting in average efficiencies of 16% (maximum 18%) on individualized cells with 0.1 cm(2) active area. Modules in the same setup reached maximum efficiencies of 11 and 7% on 2.8 and 23.65 cm(2) aperture areas, respectively.

• Dokumententyp: Zeitschriftenartikel
• Fakultät: Chemie und Pharmazie > Department Chemie ; Physik
• Themengebiete: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik > 540 Chemie ; 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik > 530 Physik
• ISSN: 1944-8244
• Sprache: Englisch