Prävalenz und Therapie von rheumatologischen Nebenwirkungen bei Immun-Checkpoint-Inhibitor-Therapie

Verspohl, S. H.; Schulze-Koops, H.; Heine, A. und Schäfer, V. S. (2020): Prävalenz und Therapie von rheumatologischen Nebenwirkungen bei Immun-Checkpoint-Inhibitor-Therapie. In: Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie, Bd. 79, Nr. 8: S. 797-808

Abstract

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have essentially improved the treatment options for various malignant diseases. They lead to an activation of the immune system and subsequent attack of tumor cells by affecting the immune system and preventing tumor cells from avoiding detection. In addition to this desired effect, immune-related adverse events (irAE) can occur in nearly all organ systems and therefore also rheumatological irAE (rh-irAE). Objective: The occurrence of rh-irAE has been described in various publications and is specifically investigated in this review. The aim is to provide an overview on the prevalence, severity, treatment options and altered tumor response in patients with rh-irAE. Material and methods: We conducted a literature search for studies and case reports on rh-irAE under ICI therapy in PubMed up to January 2020 using the PICO model. Results: A total of 18 publications were included, most of which were clinical studies (n= 13) and the rest case reports (n= 5). Several rh-irAE can occur with a wide variety of manifestations of which arthralgia, arthritis and myositis were the most common. Other rheumatic diseases, such as vasculitis, connective tissue diseases and sarcoidosis were less frequently described. The published prevalence of rh-irAE varied with a prevalence between 2.3% and 6.6%. Treatment of rh-irAE depends on the severity and most patients receive nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and glucocorticosteroids. In some cases, conventional DMARDs, such as methotrexate and biological DMARDs, were administered. Patients with rh-irAE in general had a higher tumor response rate compared to patients without side effects. Conclusion A close observation of patients and early detection of rh-irAE are important in order to treat these side effects in time. Further prospective studies are necessary to systematically investigate rh-irAE.

• Dokumententyp: Zeitschriftenartikel
• Fakultät: Medizin
• Themengebiete: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften > 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
• ISSN: 0340-1855
• Sprache: Deutsch