Knochen und Diabetes mellitus

Scharla, Stephan H. (2020): Knochen und Diabetes mellitus. In: Osteologie, Bd. 29, Nr. 1: S. 7-12

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk for osteoporosis and fractures. Patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 are more severely affected (relative risk for hip fracture reaching from 2.5 to 12). The relative risk for vertebral fractures is doubled. In contrast, patients with diabetes mellitus 2 exhibit only a moderately increased fracture risk, which is associated with duration of diabetic disease, vascular disease, neuropathy, and insulin treatment. The causes for the increased fracture risk are toxic effects of high glucose concentrations on osteoblasts, the glycation of bone matrix proteins leading to changes in collagen structure, endocrine alterations, and changes in bone architecture. The fracture risk may be increased, even without significant loss of measured bone mineral density (BMD). Therefore, the therapeutic intervention threshold of BMD measurements has to be increased. Bone tissue is an endocrine organ and modulates sugar metabolism. Undercarboxylated osteocalcin released from bone stimulates insulin secretion in the pancreatic gland, improves insulin sensitivity and modulates the risk of diabetes manifestation.

• Dokumententyp: Zeitschriftenartikel
• Fakultät: Medizin
• Themengebiete: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften > 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
• ISSN: 1019-1291
• Sprache: Deutsch