Extending the vulnerability-stress model of mental disorders: three-dimensional NPSR1 x environment x coping interaction study in anxiety

Schiele, Miriam A.; Herzog, Katharina; Kollert, Leonie; Schartner, Christoph; Leehr, Elisabeth J.; Boehnlein, Joscha; Repple, Jonathan; Rosenkranz, Karoline; Lonsdorf, Tina B.; Dannlowski, Udo; Zwanzger, Peter; Reif, Andreas; Pauli, Paul; Deckert, Jurgen und Domschke, Katharina (2020): Extending the vulnerability-stress model of mental disorders: three-dimensional NPSR1 x environment x coping interaction study in anxiety. In: British Journal of Psychiatry, Bd. 217, Nr. 5, PII S0007125020000732: S. 645-650

Abstract

Background: The general understanding of the 'vulnerability-stress model' of mental disorders neglects the modifying impact of resilience-increasing factors such as coping ability. Aims: Probing a conceptual framework integrating both adverse events and coping factors in an extended 'vulnerability-stress-coping model' of mental disorders, the effects of functional neuropeptide S receptor gene (NPSR1) variation (G), early adversity (E) and coping factors (C) on anxiety were addressed in a three-dimensional G x E x C model. Method In two independent samples of healthy probands (discovery: n = 1403;replication: n = 630), the interaction of NPSR1 rs324981, childhood trauma (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, CTQ) and general self-efficacy as a measure of coping ability (General Self-Efficacy Scale, GSE) on trait anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) was investigated via hierarchical multiple regression analyses. Results In both samples, trait anxiety differed as a function of NPSR1 genotype, CTQ and GSE score (discovery: beta = 0.129, P = 3.938 x 10(-8);replication: beta = 0.102, P = 0.020). In A allele carriers, the relationship between childhood trauma and anxiety was moderated by general self-efficacy: higher self-efficacy and childhood trauma resulted in low anxiety scores, and lower self-efficacy and childhood trauma in higher anxiety levels. In turn, TT homozygotes displayed increased anxiety as a function of childhood adversity unaffected by general self-efficacy. Conclusions: Functional NPSR1 variation and childhood trauma are suggested as prime moderators in the vulnerability-stress model of anxiety, further modified by the protective effect of self-efficacy. This G x E x C approach - introducing coping as an additional dimension further shaping a G x E risk constellation, thus suggesting a three-dimensional 'vulnerability-stress-coping model' of mental disorders - might inform targeted preventive or therapeutic interventions strengthening coping ability to promote resilient functioning.

• Dokumententyp: Zeitschriftenartikel
• Fakultät: Medizin
• Themengebiete: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften > 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
• ISSN: 0007-1250
• Sprache: Englisch