Long-term diazepam treatment enhances microglial spine engulfment and impairs cognitive performance via the mitochondrial 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO)

Shi, Yuan; Cui, Mochen; Ochs, Katharina; Brendel, Matthias; Struebing, Felix L.; Briel, Nils; Eckenweber, Florian; Zou, Chengyu; Banati, Richard B.; Liu, Guo-Jun; Middleton, Ryan J.; Rupprecht, Rainer; Rudolph, Uwe; Zeilhofer, Hanns Ulrich; Rammes, Gerhard; Herms, Jochen und Dorostkar, Mario M. (2022): Long-term diazepam treatment enhances microglial spine engulfment and impairs cognitive performance via the mitochondrial 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO). In: Nature Neuroscience, Bd. 25, Nr. 3: S. 317-329

Abstract

Benzodiazepines, used to treat anxiety and sleep disorders, may cause cognitive impairment. Shi et al. demonstrate that this is caused by interaction with the mitochondrial protein TSPO, which drives microglia to excessively remove synapses. Benzodiazepines are widely administered drugs to treat anxiety and insomnia. In addition to tolerance development and abuse liability, their chronic use may cause cognitive impairment and increase the risk for dementia. However, the mechanism by which benzodiazepines might contribute to persistent cognitive decline remains unknown. Here we report that diazepam, a widely prescribed benzodiazepine, impairs the structural plasticity of dendritic spines, causing cognitive impairment in mice. Diazepam induces these deficits via the mitochondrial 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO), rather than classical gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors, which alters microglial morphology, and phagocytosis of synaptic material. Collectively, our findings demonstrate a mechanism by which TSPO ligands alter synaptic plasticity and, as a consequence, cause cognitive impairment.

• Dokumententyp: Zeitschriftenartikel
• Fakultät: Medizin ; Medizin > Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy)
• Themengebiete: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften > 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
• ISSN: 1097-6256
• Sprache: Englisch
• DFG: Gefördert durch die Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) - 390857198