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Soltaninejad, Mahdie; Dadar, Mahsa; Collins, D. Louis; Rajabli, Reza; Venkatraghavan, Vikram; Bouzigues, Arabella ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0267-8590; Russell, Lucy L. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5023-5893; Foster, Phoebe H. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6300-6598; Ferry‐Bolder, Eve; Swieten, John C. van; Jiskoot, Lize C.; Seelaar, Harro; Sanchez‐Valle, Raquel; Laforce, Robert; Graff, Caroline; Galimberti, Daniela; Vandenberghe, Rik; Mendonça, Alexandre de ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0488-1453; Tiraboschi, Pietro; Santana, Isabel; Gerhard, Alexander; Levin, Johannes; Nacmias, Benedetta; Otto, Markus; Bertoux, Maxime; Lebouvier, Thibaud; Butler, Chris R. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7502-9284; Ber, Isabelle Le; Finger, Elizabeth ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4461-7427; Tartaglia, Maria Carmela ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5944-8497; Masellis, Mario ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6244-2096; Rowe, James B. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7216-8679; Synofzik, Matthis ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2280-7273; Moreno, Fermin ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5200-3164; Borroni, Barbara ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9340-9814; Rohrer, Jonathan D. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6155-8417; Iturria‐Medina, Yasser und Ducharm, Simon (2025): White matter hyperintensities precede other biomarkers in GRN frontotemporal dementia. In: Alzheimer's & Dementia, Bd. 21, Nr. 10, e70695 [PDF, 1MB]

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Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Increased white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) have been reported in genetic frontotemporal dementia (FTD) in small studies, but the sequence of WMH abnormalities relative to other biomarkers is unclear.

METHODS

Using a large dataset (n = 763 GENFI2 participants), we measured WMHs and examined them across genetic FTD variants and stages. Cortical and subcortical volumes were parcellated, and serum neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels were measured. Biomarker progression was assessed with discriminative event-based and regression modeling.

RESULTS

Symptomatic GRN carriers showed elevated WMHs, primarily in the frontal lobe, while no significant increase was observed in symptomatic C9orf72 or MAPT carriers. WMH abnormalities preceded NfL elevation, ventricular enlargement, and cortical atrophy. Longitudinally, baseline WMHs predicted subcortical changes, while subcortical volumes did not predict WMH changes, suggesting WMHs may precede neurodegeneration.

DISCUSSION

WMHs are elevated in a subset of GRN-associated FTD. When present, they appear early and should be considered in disease progression models.

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