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Baumeister, Hannah ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5503-6308; Gellersen, Helena M.; Polk, Sarah E.; Lattmann, René; Wuestefeld, Anika; Wisse, Laura E. M.; Glenn, Trevor; Yakupov, Renat ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3868-284X; Stark, Melina ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3812-023X; Kleineidam, Luca ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3309-6856; Roeske, Sandra ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8262-4356; Morgado, Barbara Marcos; Esselmann, Hermann; Brosseron, Frederic ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3137-7516; Ramirez, Alfredo ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4991-763X; Lüsebrink, Falk; Synofzik, Matthis ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2280-7273; Schott, Björn H. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8237-4481; Schmid, Matthias C.; Hetzer, Stefan ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1773-1518; Dechent, Peter ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4005-3352; Scheffler, Klaus ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6316-8773; Ewers, Michael ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5231-1714; Hellmann‐Regen, Julian; Ersözlü, Ersin ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6503-5894; Spruth, Eike J. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8976-7309; Gemenetzi, Maria; Fliessbach, Klaus ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0183-7510; Bartels, Claudia; Rostamzadeh, Ayda ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5189-134X; Glanz, Wenzel ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5865-4176; Incesoy, Enise I. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2014-4098; Janowitz, Daniel ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4090-547X; Rauchmann, Boris‐Stephan; Kilimann, Ingo ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3269-4452; Sodenkamp, Sebastian; Coenjaerts, Marie; Spottke, Annika ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9854-2972; Peters, Oliver ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0568-2998; Priller, Josef ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7596-0979; Schneider, Anja ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9540-8700; Wiltfang, Jens ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1492-5330; Buerger, Katharina ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5898-9953; Perneczky, Robert ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1981-7435; Teipel, Stefan ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3586-3194; Laske, Christoph ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3434-936X; Wagner, Michael ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2589-6440; Ziegler, Gabriel; Jessen, Frank ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1067-2102; Düzel, Emrah ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0139-5388 und Berron, David ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1558-1883 (2025): Disease stage–specific atrophy markers in Alzheimer's disease. In: Alzheimer's & Dementia, Bd. 21, Nr. 7, e70482

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Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) often lacks diagnostic, prognostic, and monitoring value in Alzheimer's disease (AD), particularly in early disease stages. To improve its utility, we aimed to identify optimal atrophy markers for different intended uses.

METHODS

We included 363 older adults; cognitively unimpaired individuals who were negative or positive for amyloid beta (Aβ) and Aβ-positive patients with subjective cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment, or dementia of the Alzheimer type. MRI and neuropsychological assessments were administered annually for up to 3 years.

RESULTS

Accelerated atrophy of medial temporal lobe subregions was evident already during preclinical AD. Symptomatic disease stages most notably differed in their hippocampal and parietal atrophy signatures. Atrophy–cognition relationships varied by intended use and disease stage.

DISCUSSION

With the appropriate marker, MRI can detect abnormal atrophy already during preclinical AD. To optimize performance, atrophy markers should be tailored to the targeted disease stage and intended use.

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