Surface X-ray structure analysis of the TiO2(100)-(1 × 3) reconstruction

Zajonz, H.; Meyerheim, Holger L.; Gloege, Th.; Moritz, Wolfgang and Wolf, D. (1998): Surface X-ray structure analysis of the TiO2(100)-(1 × 3) reconstruction. In: Surface Science, Vol. 398, No. 3: pp. 369-378

Abstract

Using grazing incidence surface X-ray diffraction, we have investigated the superstructure of TiO2(100)-(1 × 3) (rutile). The analysis of both fractional order superlattice rods and integer order crystal truncation rods (229 independent reflections in total), leads to a structure model which can basically be described as the formation of 110 micro-facets on the surface. In addition, strong lateral and vertical relaxations of the titanium and oxygen atoms exist down to about 9 Å below the surface. The surface titanium atoms are found to reside in different environments, namely in three-, five- and six-fold oxygen coordination and in a bridge site. Furthermore, we determined a 40\% occupancy of an interstitial site occupied by one titanium atom per (1 × 3) unit cell. The surface stoichiometry is given by the formula TiO1.68. Our structure model is significantly different from previous X-ray data [P. Zschack et al., Surf. Sci. 262 (1992) 395], but is in good agreement with spectroscopic experiments and scanning tunneling microscopy investigations.

• Item Type: Journal article
• Faculties: Geosciences > Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences > Crystallography and Materials Science
• Subjects: 500 Science > 550 Earth sciences and geology
• Language: English