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Koromina, Maria ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8843-082X; Ravi, Ashvin; Panagiotaropoulou, Georgia; Schilder, Brian M. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5949-2191; Humphrey, Jack ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6274-6620; Braun, Alice; Bigdeli, Tim; Chatzinakos, Chris; Coombes, Brandon J.; Kim, Jaeyoung ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6983-7907; Liu, Xiaoxi ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1933-8613; Terao, Chikashi ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6452-4095; O’Connell, Kevin S.; Adams, Mark J. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3599-6018; Adolfsson, Rolf ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9785-8473; Alda, Martin ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9544-3944; Alfredsson, Lars ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1688-6697; Andlauer, Till F. M. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2917-5889; Andreassen, Ole A. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4461-3568; Antoniou, Anastasia; Baune, Bernhard T.; Bengesser, Susanne; Biernacka, Joanna ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9350-4440; Boehnke, Michael ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6442-7754; Bosch, Rosa ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7596-183X; Cairns, Murray J. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2490-2538; Carr, Vaughan J. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8907-5804; Casas, Miquel; Catts, Stanley; Cichon, Sven; Corvin, Aiden ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6717-4089; Craddock, Nicholas; Dafnas, Konstantinos; Dalkner, Nina; Dannlowski, Udo; Degenhardt, Franziska; Di Florio, Arianna; Dikeos, Dimitris; Fellendorf, Frederike Tabea; Ferentinos, Panagiotis ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8531-5623; Forstner, Andreas J.; Forty, Liz ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4349-8414; Frye, Mark ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6997-4215; Fullerton, Janice M. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4014-4490; Gawlik, Micha; Gizer, Ian R.; Gordon-Smith, Katherine; Green, Melissa J. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9361-4874; Grigoroiu-Serbanescu, Maria; Guzman-Parra, José ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1463-6435; Hahn, Tim ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6541-3795; Henskens, Frans ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2358-5630; Hillert, Jan; Jablensky, Assen V.; Jones, Lisa ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5122-8334; Jones, Ian ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5821-5889; Jonsson, Lina; Kelsoe, John R. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3013-2333; Kircher, Tilo ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2514-2625; Kirov, George; Kittel-Schneider, Sarah; Kogevinas, Manolis; Landén, Mikael ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4496-6451; Leboyer, Marion ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5473-3697; Lenger, Melanie; Lissowska, Jolanta; Lochner, Christine ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4766-3704; Loughland, Carmel; MacIntyre, Donald J. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6963-1335; Martin, Nicholas G. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4069-8020; Maratou, Eirini; Mathews, Carol A.; Mayoral, Fermin; McElroy, Susan L.; McGregor, Nathaniel W. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7195-4993; McIntosh, Andrew ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0198-4588; McQuillin, Andrew ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1567-2240; Michie, Patricia ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4169-8519; Mitchell, Philip B.; Moutsatsou, Paraskevi; Mowry, Bryan ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4115-5645; Müller-Myhsok, Bertram; Myers, Richard M. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9701-676X; Nenadić, Igor ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0749-7473; Nievergelt, Caroline M.; Nöthen, Markus M. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8770-2464; Nurnberger, John; ’Donovan, Michael O. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7073-2379; ’Donovan, Claire O.; Ophoff, Roel A. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8287-6457; Owen, Michael J.; Pantelis, Christos ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9565-0238; Pato, Carlos; Pato, Michele T.; Patrinos, George P.; Pawlak, Joanna M.; Perlis, Roy H. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5862-6757; Porichi, Evgenia; Posthuma, Danielle ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7582-2365; Ramos-Quiroga, Josep Antoni ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1622-0350; Reif, Andreas ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0992-634X; Reininghaus, Eva Z.; Ribasés, Marta ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1039-1116; Rietschel, Marcella ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5236-6149; Schall, Ulrich; Schofield, Peter R. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2967-9662; Schulze, Thomas G. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6624-2975; Scott, Laura ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4886-5084; Scott, Rodney J. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7724-3404; Serretti, Alessandro ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4363-3759; Smoller, Jordan W.; Świątkowska, Beata; Soler Artigas, Maria ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3213-1107; Stein, Dan J. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7218-7810; Streit, Fabian ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1080-4339; Toma, Claudio; Tooney, Paul; Vawter, Marquis P.; Vieta, Eduard; Vincent, John B. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0692-2519; Waldman, Irwin D. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6862-1837; Weickert, Cynthia Shannon; Weickert, Thomas; Witt, Stephanie H. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1571-1468; Hong, Kyung Sue; Ikeda, Masashi ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6237-2449; Iwata, Nakao ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3189-6076; Won, Hong-Hee ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5719-0552; Edenberg, Howard J. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0344-9690; Ripke, Stephan ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3622-835X; Raj, Towfique ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9355-5704; Coleman, Jonathan R. I. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6759-0944 und Mullins, Niamh ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8021-839X (2025): Fine-mapping genomic loci refines bipolar disorder risk genes. In: Nature Neuroscience, Bd. 28, Nr. 7: S. 1393-1403 [PDF, 1MB]

Abstract

Bipolar disorder is a heritable mental illness with complex etiology. While the largest published genome-wide association study identified 64 bipolar disorder risk loci, the causal SNPs and genes within these loci remain unknown. We applied a suite of statistical and functional fine-mapping methods to these loci and prioritized 17 likely causal SNPs for bipolar disorder. We mapped these SNPs to genes and investigated their likely functional consequences by integrating variant annotations, brain cell-type epigenomic annotations, brain quantitative trait loci and results from rare variant exome sequencing in bipolar disorder. Convergent lines of evidence supported the roles of genes involved in neurotransmission and neurodevelopment, including SCN2A, TRANK1, DCLK3, INSYN2B, SYNE1, THSD7A, CACNA1B, TUBBP5, FKBP2, RASGRP1, FURIN, FES, MED24 and THRA among others in bipolar disorder. These represent promising candidates for functional experiments to understand biological mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Additionally, we demonstrated that fine-mapping effect sizes can improve performance of bipolar disorder polygenic risk scores across diverse populations and present a high-throughput fine-mapping pipeline.

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