Efficacy and Safety of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation as an Add-on Treatment for Bipolar Depression A Randomized Clinical Trial

Sampaio-Junior, Bernardo; Tortella, Gabriel; Borrione, Lucas; Moffa, Adriano H.; Machado-Vieira, Rodrigo; Cretaz, Eric; da Silva, Adriano Fernandes; Fraguas, Renerio; Aparicio, Luana V.; Klein, Izio; Lafer, Beny; Goerigk, Stephan; Bensenor, Isabela Martins; Lotufo, Paulo Andrade; Gattaz, Wagner F. und Brunoni, Andre Russowsky (2018): Efficacy and Safety of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation as an Add-on Treatment for Bipolar Depression A Randomized Clinical Trial. In: Jama Psychiatry, Bd. 75, Nr. 2: S. 158-166

Abstract

IMPORTANCE More effective, tolerable interventions for bipolar depression treatment are needed. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a novel therapeutic modality with few severe adverse events that showed promising results for unipolar depression. OBJECTIVE To determine the efficacy and safety of tDCS as an add-on treatment for bipolar depression. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A randomized, sham-controlled, double-blind trial (the Bipolar Depression Electrical Treatment Trial [BETTER]) was conducted from July 1, 2014, to March 30, 2016, at an outpatient, single-center academic setting. Participants included 59 adults with type I or II bipolar disorder in a major depressive episode and receiving a stable pharmacologic regimen with 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS-17) scores higher than 17. Data were analyzed in the intention-to-treat sample. INTERVENTIONS Ten daily 30-minute, 2-mA, anodal-left and cathodal-right prefrontal sessions of active or sham tDCS on weekdays and then 1 session every fortnight until week 6. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Change in HDRS-17 scores at week 6. RESULTS Fifty-nine patients (40 [68%] women), with a mean (SD) age of 45.9 (12) years participated;36 (61%) with bipolar I and 23 (39%) with bipolar II disorder were randomized and 52 finished the trial. In the intention-to-treat analysis, patients in the active tDCS condition showed significantly superior improvement compared with those receiving sham (beta(int) = -1.68;number needed to treat, 5.8;95% CI, 3.3-25.8;P = .01). Cumulative response rates were higher in the active vs sham groups (67.6% vs 30.4%;number needed to treat, 2.69;95% CI, 1.84-4.99;P = .01), but not remission rates (37.4% vs 19.1%;number needed to treat, 5.46;95% CI, 3.38-14.2;P = .18). Adverse events, including treatment-emergent affective switches, were similar between groups, except for localized skin redness that was higher in the active group (54% vs 19%;P = .01). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this trial, tDCS was an effective, safe, and tolerable add-on intervention for this small bipolar depression sample. Further trials should examine tDCS efficacy in a larger sample.

• Dokumententyp: Zeitschriftenartikel
• Fakultät: Medizin ; Psychologie und Pädagogik > Department Psychologie
• Themengebiete: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften > 610 Medizin und Gesundheit ; 100 Philosophie und Psychologie > 150 Psychologie
• ISSN: 2168-622X
• Sprache: Englisch