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Hilbert, Sven; Bühner, Markus (2020): Principal Components Analysis. In: Zeigler-Hill, Virgil; Shackelford, Todd K. (eds.) : Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences. 2020 Edition. Cham: Springer International Publishing. pp. 4030-4034
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Abstract

A principal component analysis decomposes the covariance (or correlation) matrix into independent components, which comprise decreasing amounts of variance, reflected by their respective eigenvalues.